ChatGPT informs us:
- So while the Nobel Prize wasn’t awarded for “superposition” in a textbook statement like “X was in state A and state B at the same time,” the quantum superposition principle is essential to the phenomena they demonstrated. Those phenomena — tunnelling and quantised energy — wouldn’t exist without the ability of the system’s wave function to be in superposition across different configurations or energy levels. Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien+1
So in a fundamental sense the 2025 Prize was awarded to superposition as key element of Standard Quantum Mechanics StdQM, which has been awarded many Prizes, this time to phenomena on macroscale somehow connecting to superposition.
This connects to this previous post discussing the different meaning of superposition in classical and quantum physics.
We recall that a classical vibrating guitar string carries a standing wave form as the amplitude sum/superposition of a ground frequency plus harmonics or overtones. We compare with two strings of slightly different ground frequencies which can sustain a common sound with beat frequency as the difference of the ground frequencies.
We learn in a quantum physics class that the values of two different wave functions representing two different states of a quantum system ("live cat" and "dead cat") both satisfying Schrödinger's equation, can be added/superposed to form the value of a wave function also satisfying Schrödinger's equation and so also representing a state of the system as state of "both live and dead". This form of superposition is different from both that of a single vibrating strings with overtones, and beat frequency of two strings.
The vibrating string has one state/wave form as sum of ground frequency plus harmonics. Not two states/wave forms. The two vibrating strings are physically different and are not two states of a single string.
Superposition in a quantum system as "both live and dead" is thus a phenomena which has no classical analog. The connecting mathematics is a linear wave equation making an algebraic sum of solution states into also a solution, but the physical meaning is different: There is no macroscopic cat which is both dead and alive!
At least this was the idea before the work awarded the Prize was performed. But now we are not sure. If quantum superposition acts on macroscopic scale then we should not be surprised if we meet a cat that is both live and dead or even a "grin without cat" as Alice did.
Connecting back to previous post we recall that the idea of atomic spectrum as corresponding to beat frequencies borrowed from the macroscopic two string model, may not represent true physics possibly better expressed as RealQM. Was the 2025 Prize based on superstition?

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