söndag 27 juli 2025

First Principle Model of a Nucleus

After a long discussion chatGPT arrives at the following conclusion about the present status of theoretical nuclear physics as concerns lack of mathematical model describing an atomic nucleus from first principles (check yourself): 

  • We should admit that we still do not truly understand nuclear binding from first principles.
  • Our models are ad hoc by necessity, if not by intention.
  • This is not the end of physics, but a clear sign of its current limits.
The Schrödinger Equation SE of Standard Quantum Mechanics StdQM describes the ground state of an atom from first principles as minimisation of Coulomb potential energy + kinetic energy over electronic wave functions in a central Coulomb potential of a point-like nucleus of protons.    

There is no corresponding equation describing the nucleus of an atom, more precisely what keeps the nucleus together under proton-proton repulsion. There is a model assuming a central potential formed in the 1930s to do this job, but it is an ad hoc model, which is not based on first principles. There is a model of a single proton as the Standard Model SM, which however does not extend to a nucleus with many protons. 

This is very remarkable. SM is presented as the greatest achievements of all of physics, but is still after 60 years evidently severely limited. Something is apparently missing here. 

RealNucleus is a model of a nucleus based on the same first principles as SE for atoms, as an extension of RealQM for atoms offering a readily computable version of SE. RealNucleus models a nucleus as a collection of electron charge densities surrounded by a shell system of proton charge densities. RealNucleus is readily computable and delivers binding energies in fair agreement with observations. 

 

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